China-kiln.



2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

J. G. HINZ.

CHINA KILN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17,1005.

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PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

J. O. HINZ.

CHINA KILN,

APPLICATION FILED MAY17,1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHINA-KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10, 1906.

Application filed May 17, 1906. Serial No. 260,833.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JULIUS C. HINZ, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in China-Kilns and I dodeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to china-kilns for firing decorated china; and itconsists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fullyset forth, and pointed out particul arly in the claims.

The object of the invention is to provide a portable china-kiln ofsimple, durable, and inexpensive construction wherein the arrangement issuch as to protect the oven from the products of combustion and at thesame time provide for a circulation of the caloric current around theoven in a manner to thoroughly and evenly heat it, whereby the firing ofchina and other materials may be evenly and perfectly accomplished. Afurther arran ement provides for the forming of the walls of the oven ofhollow tiles having transverse partitions which afford fines for thepassage of the caloric current and for the forming of hollow sills uponwhich the blocks of tiling rest and through which the heat from theburner is directed, it being desi ned to use hydrocarbon fuel in heatingthe Iiiln. The above object is attained by the construction andassociation of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is an elevation of the kiln embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is acentral vertical section therethrough, as on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a plan view of the kiln, showing by dotted lines the location of theflues in the wall of the oven and their communication with the fluepipe.Fig. 4 is a horizontal section as on line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is avertical transverse section through the kiln at right angles to thesection shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a section or block ofthe two-p art tiling employed at the rear wall of the oven. Fig. 7 is alike view of one of the corner-sections. Fig. 8 is a similar view of oneof the side sections. Fig. 9 is a plan view of one of the frontcorner-sections. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one of the hollowbase-sections or sills. Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view, in horizontalsection, showing the connection of one of the upper sections of tilingwith a sill or base-section. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of one of thecorner basesections.

Referring to the characters of reference, 1

designates a sheet-iron casing forming the exterior of the kiln andmounted upon supporting-legs 2. Within the sheet-iron casing is a heavylining of asbestos 3, and within the asbestos and surrounded thereby isthe hollow wall 4 of tiling. The burner 5 is of any suitable hydrocarbontype and is supported below the bottom 6 of the kiln, the fuel beingsupplied thereto throu h the pipe 7. Within the base of the kiln am?supported by the bottom thereof are the hollow sills formed of blocks orsections of tiling comprising the quadrangular end and side sections 8and the L-shape corner-sections 9. These sill-sections surround thecombustion-chamber 10, located centrally within the base of the kiln andwith which the burner 5 communicates. The top of the combustion-chamberis formed by the fire-clay bottom 11 of the oven, which is supportedupon the ledge 12, afforded by the sill-pieces. As before stated, thesillpieces of tiling are hollow and are provided with openings 13 intheir inner faces, which communicate with the combustion-chamber, andwith openings 14 in their upper faces, which communicate with theopenings through the hollow divided tiles, forming the walls of theoven. Upon one end of each of the sill-sections of tiling is aprojection 15, and formed in the opposite end of each of said sectionsis a recess 16, adapted to receive the projection on the succeedingsill-section. By this arrangement the sills are made to interlock andare firmly held in position when placed together. Surrounding thecentral openings 14 through the tops of the sill-sections is a raisedflange 17.

The tile-sections which form the walls of the oven are made in twoparts, the sections forming the ends and sides of the oven con sistingof an inner part 18, having the transverse partitions 19 and the ends 20and of an outer or backpart comprising a straight slab 21, adapted whenplaced a ainst the inner part 18 to form a complete hollow tile withtransverse partitions, producing the vertical flues 22, extendingtherethrough. The corner sections or blocks of tiling comprise theL-shaped inner part 23, carrying the trans- IIO versely-extendingpartitions 24, and the outer L-shape part 25, adapted to lie against theprojecting ends of said partitions to form the complete tile-section,having the vertical 5 fiues 26. The lower ends of the blocks or sectionsof tiling formed by the inner and outer pieces, as described, arerecessed around the inner margins thereof to receive the raised flange17 on the sill-sections, whereby I said parts are locked together andthe escape of the products of combustion into the oven is obviated. Itwill be noted that the end pieces 20 of the straight sections of tilingproj ect slightly and that the back pieces thereof I have projectingtenons 27. It will also be noted that the ends of the corner-section arerecessed, as at 28, to receive the projecting ends and 27 of theinterposed sections, an arrangement which securely ties the sections 20of tilin together and affords a solid and substantia wall for the oven,through which the gases from the combustion of the fuel cannot pass.

Fitted upon and supported by the upper ends of the hollow sections oftiling forming the wall of the oven are the hollow tiling-sections 29,which serve as the top of the oven and are provided with the horizontalflueopenings 30, which communicate with the 30 vertical flue-openings22. Formed through the upper walls of the tile-sections 29 are apertures31, through which the caloric current passes into the upper chamber 32above the oven, with which the branches 33 of the 5 flue-pipe 34communicate. By this arrangement the heat from the burner is presentedon the bottom, sides, and top of the oven in a manner to uniformly andintensely heat the interior thereof, the passages for the caloric 0current being within the sections of tiling of which the oven isconstructed, forming a simple and inexpensive yet durable kiln.

The door 35 of the oven is formed in the usual way and is made taperinto tightly it the opening, so as to prevent the escape of eat.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what-I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a portable china-kiln, the combination of an exterior casing,having a combustion-chamber in the base thereof, hollow sillsectionssurrounding said chamber and communicating therewith, each of saidsill-sections having a horizontal supporting-surface, thesupporting-surfaces of said sill-sections, when said sections are placedtogether, forming a continuous ledge at the base of the oven, theoven-bottom supported upon said ledge and forming the top of thecombustion-cham- 6o municating with the interior of the hollowtile-sections, forming the top of the oven.

2. In a china-kiln, the combination with the exterior casing, aplurality of hollow sills located in the base of the casing surroundinga central space forming a combustion-chamber, the sides of the oven ofthe kiln being formed of separable tile-sections, comprising an innerpart having transverse partitions, and an outer part closin against saidpartitions to complete the ti e-section and form vertical fiuestherethrough, said tile-sections having interlocking members which unitethem in the wall and secure the complementary parts thereof in place anda discharge flue-pipe communicating with the vertical flues of thetile-sections.

3. In a china-kiln, the combination with an exterior metallic casing, ofan'oven formed of sections of tiling, having flue-passages therethrough,a combustion-chamber with which the lower ends of said flues communiocate, said sections of tiling consisting of unitable parts havinginterlocking members, which unite the tile-sections in the wall and holdthe parts thereof against lateral dis placement, tile-sections formingthe top of the oven, having passages communicating with the verticalflues and supported on the vertical tile-sections, said tile-sectionsforming the top of the oven communicating with the discharge-flue.

4. In a china-kiln, the combination with the exterior casing, of aplurality of hollow sills located in the base of the casing surroundinga central space, forming a combustion-chamber, the corner-sections ofthe sills 1o 5 being L shape and each of the sill-sections having anopening through its inner vertical wall, and a communicating openingthrough the top, the sides of the oven of the kiln being formed oftile-sections, having engaging members to hold said sections in positionin the wall.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

JULIUS C; HINZ. Witnesses E. S. WHEELER, J. G. HOWLETT.

